Proof of concept of a novel pem fuel cell stack design with hydraulic compression ulrich rost1, 2, cristian mutascu1, jeffrey roth1, christoph sagewka1 and michael brodmann1 1. You wont feel monotony at at any time of your own time thats what catalogs are for relating to if. The metal chosen can have a profound effect on fuel cell performance, but does not alter the general design or fabrication of the electrode. Intro to pem fuel cells a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Overview of hydrogen and fuel cell developments in china. Pem electrolyser, a storage for hydrogen gas, and a pem fuel cell. Uniform distribution of reactants inside each cell solution 6. Design for this step is supplemented by assistance from industry partners and previous design work. The polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cell is commonly used to power vehicles.
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel often. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell transforms the chemical energy liberated during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to electrical energy, as opposed to the direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce thermal energy. Progress and accomplishments in hydrogen and fuel cells pdf. However, in the following section it will be shown that the supporting material can influence the general design and fabrication of pem fuel cell electrodes.
The major approach to reducing the cost of fcs, which is crucial for the widespread acceptance of fcs as energy sources for various practical applications, is reducing the cost of the membrane. In the following chapters, the models for the pem fuel cell stack, air supply and thermal system. Hydrogen and fuel cell letter, september 2005 pem fuel cells are the primary candidates for lightduty vehicles, for buildings, and potentially for much smaller applications such as replacements for rechargeable batteries in video cameras. Chapter 8 modeling of pem fuel cell stacks with hydraulic. Fcvc international hydrogen fuel cell vehicle congress in rugao. Design and manufacturing of a pemfc proton exchange. The fuel cell has been used for manned space flight since the gemini program. This post presents an overview of the initial considerations for fuel cell design in roomtemperature fuel cells. These plates separate individual cells of the fuel cell stack, and thus must be sufficiently strong to support clamping forces, be electrically conducting, be fitted with flow channels for stack thermal control, be of a low permeability material to separate safely. The aim of the proposed observer is to reconstruct the. When you first consider your fuel cell stack design, you will need to calculate the following. The fuel cell which acts as a practical generator did not begin until the 1950s, when the u. Current and temperature distributions in a pem fuel cell by.
Build a fuel cell with a couple of band aids, an mea and a few scraps of stainless steel bug screen by gavin d. Modeling of pem fuel cell stack system using feedforward and. Proton exchange membrane pem electrolysis is the electrolysis of water in a cell equipped with a solid polymer electrolyte spe that is responsible for the conduction of protons, separation of product gases, and electrical insulation of the electrodes. Introduction the first fuel cell was built in the year 1839 by sir william grove, a lawyer and scientist. The objective of the work presented here is to develop a lin. Compact design of 10 kw proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The operation inside the pem fuel cell is highly nonlinear. Dynamic simulator and controls for a pem fuel cell power. Design and simulation of a novel bipolar plate based on lung. Composite fabrication ballard power systems fuel cell design.
Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis wikipedia. Heatremoval froma fuel cell stack solution solution 6. C2 coal utilization laboratory, university park pa 16802 objectives. Pem fuel cells make a powerful case for small business backup figure 1. The design of longlife, highe ciency pem fuel cell power supplies for low power sensor networks jekanthan thangavelautham1, daniel dewitt strawser 2, steven dubowsky 1school of earth and space exploration, arizona state university, az, 85287 usa email. Two dimensional pem fuel cell modeling at different operation. Review and analysis of pem fuel cell design and manufacturing. Modeling and controller design of pem fuel cell system. Design and modeling of pem fuel cell using pwm based. Figure 612 iirdir operating concept, molten carbonate fuel cell design 29. A design drawing of the dmfc fuel cell stack, including fuel reserve tank and feed system, is shown in figure 1. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells pemfc jens oluf jensen summer school on materials for the hydrogen society, reykjavik, june 19. The pem electrolyzer was introduced to overcome the issues of partial load, low current density, and low pressure operation currently.
In addition, a description of the nasa pem fuel cell. Pem fuel cells theoryandpractice franobarbir elsevier. The entire system is shown, in this case consisting of a 20 cell direct methanol fuel cell dmfc stack with the total volume of around 1 cm3 1. Aug 05, 2014 ge tested its fuel cell design, and it generates power at 65% efficiency, which is remarkable considering the efficiencies of the methods now producing most of the worlds electricity. Design and development of highperformance polymer fuel cell membranes, ryo. R characteristic and efficiency of pem fuel cell and pem. Pem fuel cell, mathematical modeling, finite element, comsol multi physic.
The modularity of our proprietary product design allows for scaling to meet precise customer power and form factor requirements. Design and manufacturing of a pemfc proton exchange membrane fuel cell mohamad y. Manufacturing cost and installed price analysis of. Modeling and controller design of pem fuel cell system karthikeyan s1, rathna priya k2, ezhilarasi s3. Design of control systems for portable pem fuel cells. Mustafa a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the universitys requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy may 2009 coventry university.
Each system is configured for operation in combined. Ppt intro to pem fuel cells powerpoint presentation free. Microstructural characterization of pem fuel cell meas, karren more. The scientific community is focused on the development of inexpensive and highperforming membrane materials for proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells fcs. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have been regarded as the most promising candidate for fuel cell vehicles and tools. Bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells are currently under development. Otherwise, hydrogen energy utilization at residences is an alternative method especially for supply power demand of stationary or portable devices. Design and development of higher temperature membranes. Fuel cell handbook seventh edition national energy technology. New fuel cell design powered by graphenewrapped nanocrystals. Study of pem fuel cell end plate design by structural. A fuel cell stack is configured to power any load ranging from watts to megawatt by varying cells connected in series.
Design and testing criteria for bipolar plate materials. A short animation to explain how a proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc works. Modeling of pem fuel cell stacks with hydraulic network approach 285 electrode assembly was found through application of conservation of energy, while the electrochemical performance of the pem fuel cell was determined with the empirical relationship of patel et al. Anna stefanopoulou and huei peng fuel cell systems o. Highperformance, matching, pem fuel cell components and. It is amongst the most awesome pdf i actually have read through. Fuel cell energy balance problems quiz references 6 stack design 6. During stack assembly, major emphasis must be placed on application of adequate external pressure for reducing the ohmic losses, the purpose of which is to achieve proper contact between the cell components and minimize the contact resistance. Nov 14, 2019 just as an engine can be starved for air when choked out with a mixture too rich with gasoline, a fuel cell must also have a balanced fuel toair or stoichiometric ratio, so all hydrogen gets turned into power and h2o. Tunis, tunisia abstractthis work concerns the study and the modeling of. Fuel cell stack design principles with some design concepts. The use of pem unitised regenerative fuel cells in solar cder. Next generation bipolar plates for automotive pem fuel cells. A design for a singlecell pem urfc for use in experiments is.
Design and manufacturing alternatives for proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells are described and analysed within the context of vehicle applications. Currently, however, there exists very limited research on the monitoring and online fault detection of pem fuel cells. Pdf design and fabrication of a 300w pem fuel cell test. Unlike pem fuel cell design, current literature does not include summaries of manufacturing alternatives. Pdf performance enhancement of the proton exchange.
Modeling and design of hybrid pem fuel cell systems for lift trucks. Modeling and design of hybrid pem fuel cell systems for lift trucks hosseinzadeh, elham publication date. The book also explains in detail how to set up measuring systems, data analysis, and pem fuel cells static and dynamic characteristics. Also, little analysis of fabrication options for more typical designs is available. These include the current collector, gas diffusion layer gdl, catalyst layer, and membrane. Telotte, and srinivas palanki abstract in this paper, the primary components of a pem fuel cell for automotive ap.
Pem fuel cells make a powerful case for small business backup. Grove utilized four cells, each containing hydrogen and oxygen, to produce electric power which was then used to split the water in the smaller upper cell into hydrogen and oxygen. The air in our fuel cell is forced into the cell stack and across the membranes using a small, 1 watt, brushless dc fan. For the lt and ht pem fcss, fuel cell subsystem designs are based upon prior work on automotive pem subsystems, adapted. In order to increase the potential to some practical levels the cells are connected in a stack. A fuel cell system worked by hydrogen can be used for the need. The electrolyte material is a polymeric membrane and serves as an ionic conductor. Fuel cell stack design principles with some design.
Hydrogenair systems 314 solution 317 solution 318 9. Harper the story as to how this design came into being is probably a little too much information, but worth sharing none the less. Ges new fuelcell technology is a game changer techrepublic. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells for electrical power. Hydrogen, fuel cells, and infrastructure technologies fy 2003 progress report 1 highperformance, matching, pem fuel cell components and integrated pilot manufacturing processes mark k. Electrical generation in a fuel cell is driven by two primary chemical reactions, as. Design of a fuel cell system design of a specification of requirements for a fuel cell system for the electric power generation in a 77foot sailing ship master of science thesis sebastian emanuelsson jonatan persson department of energy and environment division of electric power engineering chalmers university of technology. Fuel cell technologies have been identified as an important area in providing solutions to the problems of meeting increasing renewable energy demands. This proposed facility will become the benchmark for validating new natural gas based hydrogen production systems, pem fuel cell power generation systems, and numerous new technologies. Solving issues of the fuel cells will lead to enhance other new technologies. Schenkman prepared by sandia national laboratories albuquerque, new mexico 87185 and livermore, california 94550. The office also supports fuel cells for stationary power applications primary and. Function and design a simplified representation of the sinavy pem fuel cells basic function and design is shown in fig. Advanced computational tools for pem fuel cell design.
Design of a fuel cell power system for automotive applications. What does a pem fuel cell weigh fuel cells green building. Modeling and design of hybrid pem fuel cell systems for. Design, modeling and energy management of a pem fuel cell. Pdf the pem fuel cell is a power generator based on electrochemical reactions which is able to generate power continuously. Workshop materials for high temperature pem fuel cells sponsored by. Review of advanced materials for proton exchange membrane. It is prepared by dipping it into several heated solutions of di water, hydrogen peroxide, and dilute sulfuric acid to activate the sulfonic acid groups in the membrane. To design a high efficient fuel cell we require a suitable dcdc converter. Current and temperature distributions in a pem fuel cell. The aim of this study is to recognize the structural behaviour of pem fuel cell under the steady state operation by using finite element analysis fea. Pdf advanced computational tools for pem fuel cell. A novel design and microfabrication were developed for a micro proton exchange membrane pem fuel cell with a cross section of 5 cm2 and thickness for a single cell of about 800 m.
Apr 29, 2012 a short animation to explain how a proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc works. This book examines the characteristics of proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells with a focus on deriving realistic finite element models. Protonexchange membrane fuel cells, also known as polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells pemfc, are a type of fuel cell being developed mainly for transport applications, as well as for stationary fuel cell applications and portable fuel cell applications. Design of a fuel cell system chalmers publication library. Design and development of higher temperature membranes for pem fuel cells by tony m. Design and simulation of a novel bipolar plate based on.
For example, the fuel processor subsystem design is based upon an integrated reactor designed by tokyo gas 3,4. Design of a fuel cell power system for automotive applications panini k. On the other hand, pems and soes offer a more compact design and make operation at differential. Modeling, pid control, fuel cell, controller design i. A fuel cell stack consists of a multitude of single cells stacked up so that the cathode of one cell is electrically connected to the anode of the. In the case of pem fuel cells, each electrode is comprised of a porous, highsurface area material impregnated with an electrocatalyst, typically platinum or a platinum alloy. First fuel cellfirst fuel cell 3 in 1839, william grove, a british jurist and amateur physicist, first discovered the principle of the fuel cell. This paper studies the analysis and design of a proton exchange membrane pem fuel cell stack. Research conducted into the construction and usage of self humidifying fuel cell membranes indicates that it is possible to operate with dry reactants, yet still retain similar performance to a normal membrane with fully humidi. The evolution of the pem stationary fuel cell in the us innovation.
The unique segmented fuel cell design and experimental protocol as described in detail earlier 4 enables. Modular pem fuel cell power plant design consists of. Pdf the design of the flow field is highly responsible for the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc. A stream of hydrogen is delivered to the anode side of the mea. The controller used is a proportional integral and derivative pid controller. What are the electrochemical reactions happening in a fuel cell. The composition, pressure and flow rate of each of these streams must be regulated. Thus, it is of primary interest to develop a fuel cell cooling system controller and validate the assumption that the fuel cell temperature can be maintained without large excursions when subject to fuel cell output power changes and other disturbances. Characteristic and efficiency of pem fuel cell and pem electrolyser r phywe series of publications laboratory experiments physics phywe systeme gmbh 37070 gottingen, germany 24111 3 tubes can interrupt the gas supply to the fuel cell.
A single h 2 air fuel cell has potential of about 1 v at open circuit, which decreases to 0. In this paper, hydrogen energy and fuel cells were investigated and application areas of fuel cell systems were researched. In this project, the modeling of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is developed. Westphalian energy institute, westphalian university of applied sciences, gelsenkirchen d45145, germany 2. Hartmann 3m company 3m center, building 020101n19 st. Hydrogen storage is considered separately from the powerplant and, for the purposes of this document. Manufacturing cost and installed price analysis of stationary fuel cell systems 30 september 2015. For example, a requirement for long range or high speed may result in a design requirement for low weight. Design of a pem fuel cell system for residential application article pdf available in international journal of hydrogen energy 3412. Dfma design for manufacturing and assembly di deionizing. The modeling of pem fuel cell powered electric vehicle incorporates the fuel cell energy source model, converter model and vehicle dynamics model. In the modelling part, the research addresses the detailed development of a nonlinear distributed parameter model of a single pem fuel cell, which incorporates the e ects of spatial variations of variables that are relevant to its proper performance. Extraction of the energy proton exchange membrane fuel.
Fuel cell systems engineering, f06 derived requirements requirements that are implied or transformed from higherlevel requirement. This section is devoted to the algebraic observer design for the control purpose in the pemfc system, as depicted in. Modelbased condition monitoring of pem fuel cell using. The design of longlife, highe ciency pem fuel cell power.
Pdf design of a pem fuel cell system for residential. A top down and a bottom up perspective are shown to enhance clarity. Multifunctional anodes boost the transient power and. Ballard fcgen10 fuel cell stack, product manual and integration. Fuel cell energy balance 149 problems 154 quiz 155 references 157 6 stack design 159 6. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells for electrical power generation onboard commercial airplanes joseph w. Uniform distribution of reactants inside each cell 172 solution 187 6.
Pem fuel cell engines provides a comprehensive and detailed introduction to the fundamental principles of pem fuel cell science from single cell to stack, so that a reader whether professional or. Stack size number of cells meas ccms stack configuration flow field plates, gdl, etc. Design of a fuel cell system design of a specification of requirements for a fuel cell system for the electric power generation in a 77foot sailing ship sebastian emanuelsson jonatan persson department of energy and environment chalmers university of technology goteborg, sweden, 2007. Dynamic performance of a pem fuel cell system dtu orbit. Mechanical analysis of pem fuel cell stack design mechanical analysis of pem fuel cell stack design filesize. Innovation could lead to faster fueling, improved performance for hydrogenpowered vehicles. Algebraic observer design for pem fuel cell system zakaria baroud, noureddine gazzam, atallah benalia. Among the leading topologies, pwm based interleaved boost converter ibc is taken as the best solution for high. Fuel cell engine systems hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. The design of electrodes, for example, and the materials used to make them depend on the electrolyte. Electrode and mea design integration of the catalysts, support, membrane. Modeling and control of fuel cell systems and fuel processors by jay tawee pukrushpan cochairs.
Design and fabrication of a 300w pem fuel cell test station. A typical pem fuel cell is composed of four parts sandwiched across a membrane. Proof of concept of a novel pem fuel cell stack design with. This illustrates the basic operation of the pem fuel cell. Fuel cell system components and manufacturing processes the pem fuel cell powerplant is built from four main subsystems. Their broader adaption, however, has been impeded by cost and lifetime. Each part serves multiple, different purposes and the design and composition of the various parts can have important effects on. Enhancement fuel cell design will solve many problems for the energy issues.