A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel often. The modeling of pem fuel cell powered electric vehicle incorporates the fuel cell energy source model, converter model and vehicle dynamics model. A novel design and microfabrication were developed for a micro proton exchange membrane pem fuel cell with a cross section of 5 cm2 and thickness for a single cell of about 800 m. Hydrogen and fuel cell letter, september 2005 pem fuel cells are the primary candidates for lightduty vehicles, for buildings, and potentially for much smaller applications such as replacements for rechargeable batteries in video cameras. The electrolyte material is a polymeric membrane and serves as an ionic conductor. Pem fuel cells make a powerful case for small business backup figure 1.
Build a fuel cell with a couple of band aids, an mea and a few scraps of stainless steel bug screen by gavin d. Review of advanced materials for proton exchange membrane. Design and fabrication of a 300w pem fuel cell test station. Proton exchange membrane pem electrolysis is the electrolysis of water in a cell equipped with a solid polymer electrolyte spe that is responsible for the conduction of protons, separation of product gases, and electrical insulation of the electrodes. It is prepared by dipping it into several heated solutions of di water, hydrogen peroxide, and dilute sulfuric acid to activate the sulfonic acid groups in the membrane. Aug 05, 2014 ge tested its fuel cell design, and it generates power at 65% efficiency, which is remarkable considering the efficiencies of the methods now producing most of the worlds electricity. The office also supports fuel cells for stationary power applications primary and. Workshop materials for high temperature pem fuel cells sponsored by. Design of a fuel cell power system for automotive applications.
Proof of concept of a novel pem fuel cell stack design with hydraulic compression ulrich rost1, 2, cristian mutascu1, jeffrey roth1, christoph sagewka1 and michael brodmann1 1. Multifunctional anodes boost the transient power and. Research conducted into the construction and usage of self humidifying fuel cell membranes indicates that it is possible to operate with dry reactants, yet still retain similar performance to a normal membrane with fully humidi. Pdf performance enhancement of the proton exchange. Fuel cell technologies have been identified as an important area in providing solutions to the problems of meeting increasing renewable energy demands. Modeling and controller design of pem fuel cell system karthikeyan s1, rathna priya k2, ezhilarasi s3. Extraction of the energy proton exchange membrane fuel. Fuel cell stack design principles with some design concepts. Highperformance, matching, pem fuel cell components and. Pdf design and fabrication of a 300w pem fuel cell test. Advanced computational tools for pem fuel cell design. Modeling, pid control, fuel cell, controller design i. Currently, however, there exists very limited research on the monitoring and online fault detection of pem fuel cells.
The modularity of our proprietary product design allows for scaling to meet precise customer power and form factor requirements. The controller used is a proportional integral and derivative pid controller. Innovation could lead to faster fueling, improved performance for hydrogenpowered vehicles. The entire system is shown, in this case consisting of a 20 cell direct methanol fuel cell dmfc stack with the total volume of around 1 cm3 1. Otherwise, hydrogen energy utilization at residences is an alternative method especially for supply power demand of stationary or portable devices. Modeling and control of fuel cell systems and fuel processors by jay tawee pukrushpan cochairs. Pdf advanced computational tools for pem fuel cell.
Design and testing criteria for bipolar plate materials. A fuel cell stack consists of a multitude of single cells stacked up so that the cathode of one cell is electrically connected to the anode of the. The scientific community is focused on the development of inexpensive and highperforming membrane materials for proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells fcs. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells pemfc jens oluf jensen summer school on materials for the hydrogen society, reykjavik, june 19. Pem fuel cell, mathematical modeling, finite element, comsol multi physic. This illustrates the basic operation of the pem fuel cell.
Polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis wikipedia. Design of a fuel cell system design of a specification of requirements for a fuel cell system for the electric power generation in a 77foot sailing ship master of science thesis sebastian emanuelsson jonatan persson department of energy and environment division of electric power engineering chalmers university of technology. Anna stefanopoulou and huei peng fuel cell systems o. These include the current collector, gas diffusion layer gdl, catalyst layer, and membrane. Modular pem fuel cell power plant design consists of. Unlike pem fuel cell design, current literature does not include summaries of manufacturing alternatives. Protonexchange membrane fuel cells, also known as polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells pemfc, are a type of fuel cell being developed mainly for transport applications, as well as for stationary fuel cell applications and portable fuel cell applications. Study of pem fuel cell end plate design by structural. C2 coal utilization laboratory, university park pa 16802 objectives. Fuel cell handbook seventh edition national energy technology. Apr 29, 2012 a short animation to explain how a proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc works. On the other hand, pems and soes offer a more compact design and make operation at differential.
Overview of hydrogen and fuel cell developments in china. Design of a fuel cell power system for automotive applications panini k. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells for electrical power generation onboard commercial airplanes joseph w. Manufacturing cost and installed price analysis of. Ballard fcgen10 fuel cell stack, product manual and integration. Among the leading topologies, pwm based interleaved boost converter ibc is taken as the best solution for high. Design of a pem fuel cell system for residential application article pdf available in international journal of hydrogen energy 3412. The evolution of the pem stationary fuel cell in the us innovation. The polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cell is commonly used to power vehicles. The air in our fuel cell is forced into the cell stack and across the membranes using a small, 1 watt, brushless dc fan. A design for a singlecell pem urfc for use in experiments is.
Modeling and design of hybrid pem fuel cell systems for lift trucks. Fuel cell energy balance problems quiz references 6 stack design 6. The aim of the proposed observer is to reconstruct the. Microstructural characterization of pem fuel cell meas, karren more. During stack assembly, major emphasis must be placed on application of adequate external pressure for reducing the ohmic losses, the purpose of which is to achieve proper contact between the cell components and minimize the contact resistance. Composite fabrication ballard power systems fuel cell design. Intro to pem fuel cells a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. In the case of pem fuel cells, each electrode is comprised of a porous, highsurface area material impregnated with an electrocatalyst, typically platinum or a platinum alloy. Fuel cell engine systems hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Each part serves multiple, different purposes and the design and composition of the various parts can have important effects on.
However, in the following section it will be shown that the supporting material can influence the general design and fabrication of pem fuel cell electrodes. The design of longlife, highe ciency pem fuel cell power. Figure 612 iirdir operating concept, molten carbonate fuel cell design 29. These plates separate individual cells of the fuel cell stack, and thus must be sufficiently strong to support clamping forces, be electrically conducting, be fitted with flow channels for stack thermal control, be of a low permeability material to separate safely. The fuel cell has been used for manned space flight since the gemini program. A typical pem fuel cell is composed of four parts sandwiched across a membrane. Progress and accomplishments in hydrogen and fuel cells pdf. Manufacturing cost and installed price analysis of stationary fuel cell systems 30 september 2015. In order to increase the potential to some practical levels the cells are connected in a stack. Ges new fuelcell technology is a game changer techrepublic.
Design and manufacturing alternatives for proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells are described and analysed within the context of vehicle applications. Fuel cell stack design principles with some design. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. Current and temperature distributions in a pem fuel cell by. Design and development of higher temperature membranes. In the following chapters, the models for the pem fuel cell stack, air supply and thermal system. Chapter 8 modeling of pem fuel cell stacks with hydraulic.
Fcvc international hydrogen fuel cell vehicle congress in rugao. Westphalian energy institute, westphalian university of applied sciences, gelsenkirchen d45145, germany 2. Design, modeling and energy management of a pem fuel cell. A fuel cell stack is configured to power any load ranging from watts to megawatt by varying cells connected in series. This paper studies the analysis and design of a proton exchange membrane pem fuel cell stack. Modeling of pem fuel cell stack system using feedforward and. Characteristic and efficiency of pem fuel cell and pem electrolyser r phywe series of publications laboratory experiments physics phywe systeme gmbh 37070 gottingen, germany 24111 3 tubes can interrupt the gas supply to the fuel cell. Fuel cell energy balance 149 problems 154 quiz 155 references 157 6 stack design 159 6. Modeling of pem fuel cell stacks with hydraulic network approach 285 electrode assembly was found through application of conservation of energy, while the electrochemical performance of the pem fuel cell was determined with the empirical relationship of patel et al. Enhancement fuel cell design will solve many problems for the energy issues. Each system is configured for operation in combined. In this project, the modeling of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is developed. Grove utilized four cells, each containing hydrogen and oxygen, to produce electric power which was then used to split the water in the smaller upper cell into hydrogen and oxygen.
The objective of the work presented here is to develop a lin. The operation inside the pem fuel cell is highly nonlinear. Pem fuel cell engines provides a comprehensive and detailed introduction to the fundamental principles of pem fuel cell science from single cell to stack, so that a reader whether professional or. Hydrogen, fuel cells, and infrastructure technologies fy 2003 progress report 1 highperformance, matching, pem fuel cell components and integrated pilot manufacturing processes mark k. Modeling and controller design of pem fuel cell system. Heatremoval froma fuel cell stack solution solution 6. The design of electrodes, for example, and the materials used to make them depend on the electrolyte. This book examines the characteristics of proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells with a focus on deriving realistic finite element models.
Pem fuel cells make a powerful case for small business backup. Review and analysis of pem fuel cell design and manufacturing. Tunis, tunisia abstractthis work concerns the study and the modeling of. Design and modeling of pem fuel cell using pwm based. Dynamic simulator and controls for a pem fuel cell power. Pem electrolyser, a storage for hydrogen gas, and a pem fuel cell. Algebraic observer design for pem fuel cell system zakaria baroud, noureddine gazzam, atallah benalia. Electrical generation in a fuel cell is driven by two primary chemical reactions, as. Design and simulation of a novel bipolar plate based on lung. This proposed facility will become the benchmark for validating new natural gas based hydrogen production systems, pem fuel cell power generation systems, and numerous new technologies.
The major approach to reducing the cost of fcs, which is crucial for the widespread acceptance of fcs as energy sources for various practical applications, is reducing the cost of the membrane. Uniform distribution of reactants inside each cell solution 6. Pem fuel cells theoryandpractice franobarbir elsevier. The use of pem unitised regenerative fuel cells in solar cder. This post presents an overview of the initial considerations for fuel cell design in roomtemperature fuel cells.
The design of longlife, highe ciency pem fuel cell power supplies for low power sensor networks jekanthan thangavelautham1, daniel dewitt strawser 2, steven dubowsky 1school of earth and space exploration, arizona state university, az, 85287 usa email. Hartmann 3m company 3m center, building 020101n19 st. Design and manufacturing of a pemfc proton exchange membrane fuel cell mohamad y. Their broader adaption, however, has been impeded by cost and lifetime. Design for this step is supplemented by assistance from industry partners and previous design work. Design and manufacturing of a pemfc proton exchange. For the lt and ht pem fcss, fuel cell subsystem designs are based upon prior work on automotive pem subsystems, adapted. Fuel cell systems engineering, f06 derived requirements requirements that are implied or transformed from higherlevel requirement.
Nov 14, 2019 just as an engine can be starved for air when choked out with a mixture too rich with gasoline, a fuel cell must also have a balanced fuel toair or stoichiometric ratio, so all hydrogen gets turned into power and h2o. Bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells are currently under development. Design of a fuel cell system design of a specification of requirements for a fuel cell system for the electric power generation in a 77foot sailing ship sebastian emanuelsson jonatan persson department of energy and environment chalmers university of technology goteborg, sweden, 2007. A stream of hydrogen is delivered to the anode side of the mea. The pem electrolyzer was introduced to overcome the issues of partial load, low current density, and low pressure operation currently. Introduction the first fuel cell was built in the year 1839 by sir william grove, a lawyer and scientist. It is amongst the most awesome pdf i actually have read through. Next generation bipolar plates for automotive pem fuel cells. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells for electrical power. A design drawing of the dmfc fuel cell stack, including fuel reserve tank and feed system, is shown in figure 1. Modelbased condition monitoring of pem fuel cell using. Fuel cell system components and manufacturing processes the pem fuel cell powerplant is built from four main subsystems. You wont feel monotony at at any time of your own time thats what catalogs are for relating to if.
Design and development of higher temperature membranes for pem fuel cells by tony m. Modeling and design of hybrid pem fuel cell systems for lift trucks hosseinzadeh, elham publication date. This section is devoted to the algebraic observer design for the control purpose in the pemfc system, as depicted in. In this paper, hydrogen energy and fuel cells were investigated and application areas of fuel cell systems were researched. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell transforms the chemical energy liberated during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to electrical energy, as opposed to the direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce thermal energy. Uniform distribution of reactants inside each cell 172 solution 187 6.
The book also explains in detail how to set up measuring systems, data analysis, and pem fuel cells static and dynamic characteristics. Stack size number of cells meas ccms stack configuration flow field plates, gdl, etc. First fuel cellfirst fuel cell 3 in 1839, william grove, a british jurist and amateur physicist, first discovered the principle of the fuel cell. Thus, it is of primary interest to develop a fuel cell cooling system controller and validate the assumption that the fuel cell temperature can be maintained without large excursions when subject to fuel cell output power changes and other disturbances. The metal chosen can have a profound effect on fuel cell performance, but does not alter the general design or fabrication of the electrode. New fuel cell design powered by graphenewrapped nanocrystals. Current and temperature distributions in a pem fuel cell.
Modeling and design of hybrid pem fuel cell systems for. In the modelling part, the research addresses the detailed development of a nonlinear distributed parameter model of a single pem fuel cell, which incorporates the e ects of spatial variations of variables that are relevant to its proper performance. The aim of this study is to recognize the structural behaviour of pem fuel cell under the steady state operation by using finite element analysis fea. For example, the fuel processor subsystem design is based upon an integrated reactor designed by tokyo gas 3,4. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells have been regarded as the most promising candidate for fuel cell vehicles and tools. Design of a fuel cell system chalmers publication library. What are the electrochemical reactions happening in a fuel cell. Pdf the pem fuel cell is a power generator based on electrochemical reactions which is able to generate power continuously. Mechanical analysis of pem fuel cell stack design mechanical analysis of pem fuel cell stack design filesize. A fuel cell system worked by hydrogen can be used for the need. Pdf the design of the flow field is highly responsible for the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc.
Function and design a simplified representation of the sinavy pem fuel cells basic function and design is shown in fig. Mustafa a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the universitys requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy may 2009 coventry university. Schenkman prepared by sandia national laboratories albuquerque, new mexico 87185 and livermore, california 94550. The unique segmented fuel cell design and experimental protocol as described in detail earlier 4 enables. Design of control systems for portable pem fuel cells. Ppt intro to pem fuel cells powerpoint presentation free. Harper the story as to how this design came into being is probably a little too much information, but worth sharing none the less. The fuel cell which acts as a practical generator did not begin until the 1950s, when the u. Compact design of 10 kw proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Design and simulation of a novel bipolar plate based on. Proof of concept of a novel pem fuel cell stack design with. Also, little analysis of fabrication options for more typical designs is available. Dfma design for manufacturing and assembly di deionizing. Pdf design of a pem fuel cell system for residential.
Hydrogenair systems 314 solution 317 solution 318 9. What does a pem fuel cell weigh fuel cells green building. Dynamic performance of a pem fuel cell system dtu orbit. For example, a requirement for long range or high speed may result in a design requirement for low weight. In addition, a description of the nasa pem fuel cell. A short animation to explain how a proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc works. Telotte, and srinivas palanki abstract in this paper, the primary components of a pem fuel cell for automotive ap. Design and development of highperformance polymer fuel cell membranes, ryo. Two dimensional pem fuel cell modeling at different operation. Electrode and mea design integration of the catalysts, support, membrane. The composition, pressure and flow rate of each of these streams must be regulated. To design a high efficient fuel cell we require a suitable dcdc converter. Hydrogen storage is considered separately from the powerplant and, for the purposes of this document.
Proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells revive a significant state in the energy industry and others. When you first consider your fuel cell stack design, you will need to calculate the following. A single h 2 air fuel cell has potential of about 1 v at open circuit, which decreases to 0. A top down and a bottom up perspective are shown to enhance clarity. Uniform distribution of reactants to each cell 167 6.